La maggior parte sono schemi classici, ma sono tutti importanti ed il fatto che abbiano dei nomi li rende più facili da catalogare e ricordare.
I nomi in se stessi non sono ovviamente rilevanti, cambia poco se li conoscete come il matto di Damiano o di Tizio e Caio.
Quello che conta è che vi diventino familiari e che non li dimentichiate più; preoccupatevi solo di impararli alla perfezione.
I diagrammi sottolineano i momenti critici, specialmente nella posizione finale che è l'elemento chiave dello schema.
Gli schemi base non sono difficili da apprendere: in ogni modo vi devono diventare così familiari da riuscire ad individuarli all'interno delle posizioni più complesse che li precedono, senza dover calcolare.
Dovete solo sapere che ci sono per elaborarne le varianti più complesse che conducono agli schemi in questione. Infine, ed è la cosa più difficile di tutte, dovete imparare a costruire le posizioni che consentono di raggiungerli.
Quando nelle partite, nelle analisi o negli esercizi combinativi troverete esempi di tali schemi-base, prendetene nota, così da averli a portata di mano quando vi serviranno.
Qui presenterò alcuni esempi per darvi un'idea di come procedere da soli.
Seguendo questa tecnica, alla fine potete disporre di un arsenale di strumenti essenziali, agili e facilmente memorizzabili.
Risolvere problemi e combinazioni è il modo migliore per imparare schemi nuovi e collaudare quelli acquisiti.
1. Matto arabo
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1 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 1 |
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Fen: 7k/5R2/5N2/8/8/8/8/K7 w - - 0 1
1.Th7 matto
La Torre può trovarsi anche in g6: uno schema speculare che vale la pena di notare.
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2 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 2 |
1 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 1 |
| a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h |
Fen: 6k1/4R3/4PN2/8/8/8/8/K7 w - - 0 1
1.....Rh8
1.....Rf8 2.Tf7 matto. Il compito del pedone può essere svolto anche da altri pezzi, specialmente il Re.
2.Th7 matto
2. Matto del corridoio
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8 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 8 |
7 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 7 |
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5 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 5 |
4 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 4 |
3 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 3 |
2 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 2 |
1 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 1 |
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Fen: 3R2k1/5ppp/8/8/8/8/8/K7 w - - 0 1
3. Matto di Anastasia
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7 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 7 |
6 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 6 |
5 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 5 |
4 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 4 |
3 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 3 |
2 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 2 |
1 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 1 |
| a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h |
Fen: 5rk1/5ppp/8/2RN4/8/8/8/1Q5K w - - 0 1
1.Ce7+ Rh8 2.Dxh7+ Rxh7 3.Th5 matto
4. Matto delle spalline
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8 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 8 |
7 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 7 |
6 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 6 |
5 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 5 |
4 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 4 |
3 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 3 |
2 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 2 |
1 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 1 |
| a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h |
Fen: 3rkr2/8/4Q3/8/8/8/8/7K w - - 0 1
5. Matto a coda di rondine
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8 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 8 |
7 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 7 |
6 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 6 |
5 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 5 |
4 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 4 |
3 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 3 |
2 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 2 |
1 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 1 |
| a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h |
Fen: 3r1r2/4k3/4Q3/5P2/8/8/8/7K w - - 0 1
6. Matto a coda di piccione
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8 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 8 |
7 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 7 |
6 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 6 |
5 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 5 |
4 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 4 |
3 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 3 |
2 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 2 |
1 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 1 |
| a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h |
Fen: 1r6/pk6/2Q5/8/8/8/8/2R4K w - - 0 1
7. Matto affogato
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8 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 8 |
7 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 7 |
6 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 6 |
5 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 5 |
4 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 4 |
3 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 3 |
2 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 2 |
1 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 1 |
| a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h |
Fen: 2q2r1k/6pp/8/6N1/2Q5/8/8/6K1 w - - 0 1
1.Cf7+ Rg8
1.....Txf7 2.Dxc8+ (l'ultima traversa)
2.Ch6+ Rh8 3.Dg8+! Txg8 4.Cf7 matto
8. Matto di Damiano
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8 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 8 |
7 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 7 |
6 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 6 |
5 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 5 |
4 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 4 |
3 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 3 |
2 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 2 |
1 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 1 |
| a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h |
Fen: 1r1q1rk1/6p1/5pP1/8/8/8/4P3/K2Q1R1R w - - 0 1
1.Th8+ Rxh8 2.Th1+ Rg8 3.Th8+ Rxh8 4.Dh1+ Rg8 5.Dh7 matto
9. Matto di Greco
Muove il Nero
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8 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 8 |
7 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 7 |
6 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 6 |
5 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 5 |
4 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 4 |
3 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 3 |
2 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 2 |
1 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 1 |
| a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h |
Fen: 5rk1/5ppp/8/3B2NQ/8/8/8/6K1 w - - 0 1
1.....h6 2.Axf7+ Rh8 3.Dg6 hxg5 4.Dh5 matto
10. Matto di Morphy
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8 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 8 |
7 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 7 |
6 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 6 |
5 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 5 |
4 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 4 |
3 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 3 |
2 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 2 |
1 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 1 |
| a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h |
Fen: 5rk1/5ppp/5b2/5Q2/8/8/1B6/R6K w - - 0 1
1.Dxf6 gxf6 2.Tg1+ Rh8 3.Axf6 matto
11. Matto di Pillsbury
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8 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 8 |
7 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 7 |
6 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 6 |
5 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 5 |
4 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 4 |
3 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 3 |
2 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 2 |
1 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 1 |
| a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h |
Fen: 1r3rk1/5ppp/8/8/8/8/1B6/R5RK w - - 0 1
1.Txg7+ Rh8 2.Tg8+! Rxg8 3.Tg1 matto
12. Matto nascosto di Morphy
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8 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 8 |
7 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 7 |
6 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 6 |
5 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 5 |
4 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 4 |
3 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 3 |
2 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 2 |
1 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 1 |
| a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h |
Fen: 5rk1/5ppp/8/4B3/8/8/8/6RK w - - 0 1
1.Txg7+ Rh8 2.Txf7+
Per eliminare una potenziale interposizione in f6
2.....Rg8 3.Tg7+ Rh8 4.Tg6+ Tf6 5.Axf6 matto
13. Matto di Boden
Schulder - Boden Londra 1865 muove il Nero
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8 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 8 |
7 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 7 |
6 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 6 |
5 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 5 |
4 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 4 |
3 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 3 |
2 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 2 |
1 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 1 |
| a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h |
Fen: 2k1rb1r/ppp3pp/2n2q2/3B1b2/5P2/2P1BQ2/PP1N1P2/2KR3R w - - 0 1
1.....Dxc3+! 2.bxc3 Aa3 matto
14. Matto dell'Opera
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8 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 8 |
7 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 7 |
6 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 6 |
5 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 5 |
4 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 4 |
3 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 3 |
2 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 2 |
1 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 1 |
| a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h |
Fen: 4kb1r/p2n1ppp/4q3/4p1B1/4P3/1Q6/PPP2PPP/2KR4 w - - 0 1
1.Db8+ Cxb8 2.Td8 matto
15. Matto di Légal
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8 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 8 |
7 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 7 |
6 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 6 |
5 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 5 |
4 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 4 |
3 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 3 |
2 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 2 |
1 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 1 |
| a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h |
Fen: rn1qkbnr/ppp2p1p/3p2p1/4p3/2B1P1b1/2N2N2/PPP2PPP/R1BQK2R w - - 0 1
1.Cxe5! Axd1? 2.Axf7+ Re7 3.Cd5 matto
Questo matto ha più che altro un interesse storico; ovviamente ricorre solo in apertura e qualcosa non va se si verifica spesso, perchè significa che c'è un eccessivo squlibrio tra i giocatori.
16. Matto di Max Lange
Muove il Nero
| a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | ||
8 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 8 |
7 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 7 |
6 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 6 |
5 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 5 |
4 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 4 |
3 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 3 |
2 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 2 |
1 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 1 |
| a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h |
Fen: r2qkb1r/ppp2ppp/8/3pP3/4n1P1/1B1p4/PPPP2PP/RNBQ1RK1 w - - 0 1
1.....Ac5+ 2.Rh1 Cg3+ 3.hxg3 Dg5 (il tema è la completa apertura della colonna "h") 4.Tf5 h5! 5.Txg5 (5.gxh5 Dxf5 6.g4 Df2) 5....hxg4+ 6.Th5 Txh5 matto
17. Matto di Reti
Reti - Tartakover Vienna 1910
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8 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 8 |
7 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 7 |
6 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 6 |
5 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 5 |
4 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 4 |
3 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 3 |
2 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 2 |
1 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 1 |
| a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h |
Fen: rnb1kb1r/pp3ppp/2p5/4q3/4n3/3Q4/PPPB1PPP/2KR1BNR w - - 0 1
1.Dd8+ Rxd8 2.Ag5+ Rc7 (con 2....Re8 3.Td8 matto si ha il Matto dell'Opera) 3.Ad8 matto
18. Matto di Blackburne
| a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | ||
8 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 8 |
7 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 7 |
6 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 6 |
5 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 5 |
4 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 4 |
3 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 3 |
2 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 2 |
1 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 1 |
| a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h |
Fen: 5rk1/5p1p/6p1/6N1/8/4Q3/1BB5/6K1 w - - 0 1
1.Dh3 h5 2.Dxh5! gxh5 3.Ah7 matto
19. Alfiere e Cavallo contro Re arroccato
| a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | ||
8 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 8 |
7 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 7 |
6 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 6 |
5 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 5 |
4 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 4 |
3 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 3 |
2 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 2 |
1 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 1 |
| a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h |
Fen: 5rk1/5p1p/6p1/4N3/3B4/8/8/7K w - - 0 1
1.Cxf7+ Rg8 2.Ch6 matto
oppure:
1.Cxg6+ Rg8 2.Ce7 matto
20. Matto di Donna e Alfiere
| a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | ||
8 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 8 |
7 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 7 |
6 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 6 |
5 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 5 |
4 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 4 |
3 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 3 |
2 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 2 |
1 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 1 |
| a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h |
Fen: 4r1k1/5p2/7Q/8/8/3B4/8/K7 w - - 0 1
1.Ah7+ Rh8 2.Ag6+ Rg8 3.Dh7+ Rf8 4.Dxf7 matto
Tandem di Donna e Alfiere
Muove il Nero
| a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | ||
8 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 8 |
7 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 7 |
6 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 6 |
5 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 5 |
4 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 4 |
3 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 3 |
2 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 2 |
1 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 1 |
| a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h |
Fen: 5r1k/5ppB/8/7Q/8/8/8/6K1 w - - 0 1
1....g6 (per crearsi una via di fuga attraverso g7 e f6.) 2.Dh6! e siamo nello schema n. 20.
Questo schema è estremamente importante per due motivi. Primo, illustra un tema molto utile: arrivare ad uno schema di matto noto; secondo, il dispiegamento di Donna e Alfiere sulla colonna "h" diventa una sorta di obiettivo in se stesso. Nei calcoli, sarà possibile fermarsi prima sapendo che l'attacco è destinato al successo, una volta ottenuta una simile configurazione di forze intorno al Re nero.
Ecco un altro esempio di fondamentale schema d'attacco con la Donna, che spesso conduce al matto ma che può rivelarsi altrettanto utile anche quando non pone immediatamente termine alla partita.
Donna e pedone "g"
Muove il Nero
| a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | ||
8 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 8 |
7 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 7 |
6 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 6 |
5 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 5 |
4 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 4 |
3 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 3 |
2 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 2 |
1 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 1 |
| a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h |
Fen: 1q3k2/pp5Q/6P1/8/8/8/PP6/K7 w - - 0 1
In questo schema normalmente la minaccia principale è il matto in f7. Qui il Nero può opporsi con 1....Df4, ma dopo 2.g7+ il pedone promuove con scacco alla mossa successiva. L'unica speranza del Nero di difendersi da questa formazione d'attacco è disporre di una mossa che controlli contemporaneamente f7 e g7.
21. Torre, Cavallo e pedone
| a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | ||
8 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 8 |
7 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 7 |
6 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 6 |
5 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 5 |
4 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 4 |
3 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 3 |
2 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 2 |
1 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 1 |
| a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h |
Fen: 6k1/6p1/3R2N1/5P2/8/8/8/6K1 w - - 0 1
1.Td8+ Rf7 (1....Rh7 2.Th8 matto) 2.Tf8 matto.
Anche qui è possibile trovare altre configurazioni con alla base lo stesso tema. La posizione riportata qui sopra può verificarsi in qualunque punto della scacchiera.
22. Schemi di matto geografici
Il Matto in g7
| a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | ||
8 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 8 |
7 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 7 |
6 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 6 |
5 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 5 |
4 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 4 |
3 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 3 |
2 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 2 |
1 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 1 |
| a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h |
Fen: 5rr1/5p1p/5PpQ/8/8/8/8/6K1 w - - 0 1
Qui il Nero prende matto in g7
| a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | ||
8 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 8 |
7 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 7 |
6 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 6 |
5 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 5 |
4 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 4 |
3 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 3 |
2 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 2 |
1 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 1 |
| a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h |
Fen: 5rk1/5p1p/5Pp1/8/8/8/8/2Q1R1K1 w - - 0 1
Muove il Nero.
Il Nero può difendersi con Rg8-h8 seguita da Tf8-g8. Ma.... 1....Rh8 2.Dh6 Tg8 3.Te8 e il matto in g7 è inevitabile.
Seguono altri tipi di matti analoghi, dove il colpo di grazia viene però assestato su altre case, ma il principale fattore rimane chiaramente la debolezza in g7.
Le case g7 e h7
| a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | ||
8 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 8 |
7 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 7 |
6 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 6 |
5 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 5 |
4 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 4 |
3 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 3 |
2 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 2 |
1 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 1 |
| a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h |
Fen: 5r1k/3n1p1p/5Pp1/4P3/8/5R2/8/2Q3K1 w - - 0 1
1.Dh6 Tg8 (il Nero intende giocare Cd7-f8 per proteggere la casa h7) 2.Dxh7+! Rxh7 3.Th3 matto
Le case g7, h7 e f7
| a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | ||
8 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 8 |
7 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 7 |
6 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 6 |
5 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 5 |
4 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 4 |
3 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 3 |
2 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 2 |
1 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 1 |
| a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h |
Fen: 5r1k/5p1p/3b1Pp1/8/8/3B4/8/2Q3NK w - - 0 1
1.Dh6 Tg8 2.Cf3 Af8 3.Cg5! (ora sia h7 che f7 traballano) 3....Axh6 4.Cf7 matto
La casa g7 e l'attacco con Cavallo e Alfiere
| a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | ||
8 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 8 |
7 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 7 |
6 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 6 |
5 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 5 |
4 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 4 |
3 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 3 |
2 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 2 |
1 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 1 |
| a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h |
Fen: 5rk1/5ppp/2Q5/5N2/8/8/1B6/6K1 w - - 0 1
1.Dh6! gxh6 2.Cxh6 matto
Le case h7 e f7
| a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | ||
8 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 8 |
7 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 7 |
6 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 6 |
5 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 5 |
4 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 4 |
3 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 3 |
2 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 2 |
1 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 1 |
| a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h |
Fen: 5rk1/5pb1/6p1/4P1N1/8/8/6K1/3Q3R w - - 0 1
1.Th8+! Axh8 (1.....Rxh8 2.Dh1+) 2.Dh1 Te8 3.Dh7+ Rf8 4.Dxf7 matto
Colonna "h" aperta
Muove il Nero
| a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | ||
8 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 8 |
7 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 7 |
6 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 6 |
5 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 5 |
4 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 4 |
3 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 3 |
2 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 2 |
1 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 1 |
| a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h |
Fen: 5rk1/5p2/8/8/8/8/7Q/4K2R w - - 0 1
1.....Rg7 (se 1....f6 2.Dh7 matto) 2.Dh6+ Rg8 3.Dh8 matto
Colonna "h"
| a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | ||
8 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 8 |
7 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 7 |
6 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 6 |
5 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 5 |
4 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 4 |
3 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 3 |
2 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 2 |
1 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 1 |
| a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h |
Fen: 5rk1/2n2p1p/5Bp1/8/8/4Q3/1P6/1K1R4 w - - 0 1
1.Dh6 Ce6 2.Dxh7+ Rxh7 3.Th1+ Rg8 4.Th8 matto
Una variante sullo stesso tema è il diagramma che segue.
| a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | ||
8 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 8 |
7 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 7 |
6 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 6 |
5 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 5 |
4 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 4 |
3 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 3 |
2 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 2 |
1 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 1 |
| a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h |
Fen: 5rk1/1p3pb1/4nBp1/8/8/8/5Q2/1K5R w - - 0 1
1.Dh4 Te8 2.Dh8+!
Una conclusione ben nota, che usa il motivo tattico "raggi x"; l'Alfiere bianco incide su h8 attraverso l'Alfiere nero.
Matto dei due Alfieri
| a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | ||
8 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 8 |
7 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 7 |
6 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 6 |
5 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 5 |
4 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 4 |
3 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 3 |
2 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 2 |
1 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 1 |
| a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h |
Fen: 7k/7p/8/8/2B5/8/1B6/6K1 w - - 0 1
Matto dell'angolo
| a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | ||
8 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 8 |
7 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 7 |
6 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 6 |
5 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 5 |
4 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 4 |
3 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 3 |
2 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 2 |
1 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 1 |
| a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h |
Fen: 4n1k1/7p/1q6/2b3N1/8/8/8/Q5RK w - - 0 1
1.Dh8+! Rxh8 2.Cf7 matto
Vediamo ora un paio di esempi tratti dalla pratica da includere in una vostra raccolta dedicata agli schemi di matto.
Esempio di matto arabo
Sunye Neto - Kasparov Graz 1981
Muove il Nero
| a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | ||
8 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 8 |
7 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 7 |
6 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 6 |
5 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 5 |
4 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 4 |
3 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 3 |
2 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 2 |
1 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 1 |
| a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h |
Fen: 6k1/5pp1/1p5p/2b3r1/P3pN1n/1Q2P2P/1B1r1PP1/6K1 w - - 0 1
41....Cf3+!
Questa mossa avrebbe potuto portare a una bella conclusione araba se il Bianco avesse scelto di replicare con
42.Rh1
contro la quale Kasparov aveva progettato
42.....Axe3! 43.fxe3
ci sono alche altre difese, tutte perdenti, ma, per i nostri scopi, ci interessa la mossa del testo
43.....Tdxg2!! 44.Cxg2 Tg3
Una splendida illustrazione dello schema arabo. Si noti l'efficacia della rete di matto; una mossa come 45.Ae5 non ottiene nulla, perchè la morsa che il Nero esercita su h2 è assoluta.
Esempio di Matto dell'Opera
Camps - Olesen Corrispondenza
| a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | ||
8 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 8 |
7 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 7 |
6 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 6 |
5 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 5 |
4 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 4 |
3 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 3 |
2 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 2 |
1 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 1 |
| a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h |
Fen: rn2kb1r/1b1n1pp1/4p3/1N2q1Bp/3N2Q1/8/PPP3PP/2KR3R w - - 0 1
1.Cc7+! Dxc7 2.Cxe6 De5 3.Cc7+! Dxc7 4.De2+ Ce5 5.Dxe5+! Dxe5 6.Td8 matto
fonte: Migliora subito il tuo livello di gioco" - Tisdall













Utente: Deffo
28/02/2009, 17:21:17